Ónerkásip jáne jeke tulǵalar arasynda keńinen qoldanylatyn metal ıleminiń túri. "G" árpin bildiredi, eki "taıaqshanyń" birdeı uzyndyǵy bar. Buryshqa qoldanylatyn enin durys aıtý kerek, olar sóre dep atalady. Teń sóreli buryshtardyń eki túri erekshelenedi:
- arnaıy arnalǵan rolıkter arqyly sharshy shybyqtyń ıleý jolymen alynatyn ystyqtaı ılemdelgen buryshtar;
- maıysatyn nemese qubyr ıgish ornaqtarda bolat tabaqty maıystyrý jolymen alynatyn maıystyrylǵan buryshtar.
Óıtkeni ystyq ılemdeý kezinde bolat beti qosymsha syǵylýǵa (dóńgeletýge) ushyraıdy, mundaı ılem beriktigi maıysqan jáne ózindik quny tómen buryshqa qaraǵanda joǵary (óndiristiń barlyq kezeńderin eskere otyryp, daıyndamany alýdy qosa alǵanda,). Maıysqan buryshta artyqshylyǵy dál daıyndaýda. Buryshtyń negizgi geometrıalyq ólshemderi MEMST-qa reglamenttelgen, olar mynalar bolyp tabylady:
- sóreler eni - onyń búıirjaǵynyń arasyndaǵy qashyqtyq;
- sóreniń qalyńdyǵy;
- sóreler arasyndaǵy dóńgelekteý radıýsy.
Kóbinese mundaı ılem artyqshylyǵy St0 bastap St6 deıingi kómirtekti bolattan jasalǵan. Olar jaqsy dánekerlenedi, sondyqtan konstrýksıanyń osyndaı buryshtary ónimdiligi joǵary tehnologıalyq bolyp alynady. Eger beriktigi joǵary buryshtar qajet bolsa, onda tómen qospalanǵan bolattar tańdalady, túrleri: 09G2S, 10HNDP, 10G2B, 15GF, 15G2SF, 16GS, 17GS, 18G2AF. Bolattyń osy úlgiler arasynda nashar dánekerlenetini bar, mysaly, 16GS, 17GS, 18G2AF, 09G2S. Bul jaǵdaıda klepandy nemese burandamalyq qosylystar paıdalanylady.
Teń sóreli buryshtardyń artyqshylyqtary
Óziniń geometrıasymen burysh kez-kelgen kúshti qurastyrylymnyń óte ámbebap elementi bolyp tabylady.Shveller nemese qos tavrǵa qaraǵanda buryshty qoldaný óte jıi paıdaly. Bul qurastyrylymǵa júkteme kóp emes bolǵan jaǵdaıda ótedi (mysaly, qorshaýlar, ár túrli qoldaıtyn kronshteınder, baspaldaqtar) jáne kúshti element ólshemi tańdalady, jetkilikti beriktigine súıene otyryp, mysaly, ony basqa element biriktirý turǵysynan qosý kezinde. Osyndaı jaǵdaılarda qos tavrdy nemese shvellerlerdi kóp metaldyń artyq jumsalýyna paıdalaný ákeledi (shamamen teń gabarıtter kezinde osyndaı profılderdiń aıtarlyqtaı úlken metal syıymdylyǵy bar).
Buryshtyń basqa artyqshylyǵy –sol shvellermen nemese qos tavrmen salystyrǵanda daıyndaý qarapaıymdylyǵy (ıilgishtiginiń az sany qajet).
Teń sóreli buryshtardy paıdalaný salasy
Óziniń ámbebap turi jáne daıyndaý arzandyǵynyń arqasynda teń sóreli burysh qurylysta ǵımarattar, kópirler jáne t. b. kúshti qańqalardy qurý kezinde keńinen qoldanylady. Ony qorshaýlardy, ilmeli kronshteınder, baspaldaqtar, ilmelerdi jáne t. b. qurý úshin paıdalanady.
Teń sóreli buryshtardyń túrleri
Daıyndaý tásiline jáne bolat tańbasynan basqa, odan jasalǵan teń sóreli burysh, bul pishindi metal ılemi dáldik klassy boıynsha bólinedi (tapsyrys berýshiniń kelisimi boıynsha jetkizý lekteri ruqsat etiledi, olarda ólsheýish nemese eselengen ólsheýish buryshpen qatar 7% - ǵa deıin bolady ólshenbeıtin buryshy bolady.):
Ystyq ılemdelgen buryshtar arnalǵan:
- ádettegi dáldik (ataýyndaǵy "V" árpi);
- joǵary dáldik ("ataýyndaǵy A" árpi).
Maıysqan buryshqa arnalǵan:
- ádettegi dáldik (ataýyndaǵy "V" árpi);
- joǵary dáldik ("B» árpi);
- joǵary dáldik ("A"árpi).
Ádette, buıymdardyń pishindi ılem sanatynyń basqa da túrleri úshin, uzyndyǵy boıynsha teń sóreli burysh ólshegish uzyndyǵy, eselik ólsheý uzyndyǵy jáne ólshenbeıtin uzyndyqqa bólinedi.
Teń sóreli buryshqa arnalǵan paıdalanylatyn standarttar
- MEMST 8509-93 ystyqtaı ılemdelgen buryshtarǵa arnalǵan;
- MEMST 19771-93 maıysqan buryshtarǵa arnalǵan.
Teń sóreli buryshtardyń úlgi ólshemderi
Ystyqtaı ılemdelgen teń sóreli buryshtar sóreler eni 20-dan 250 m, maıysqan – 36-dan 160 m bolýy múmkin. Belgilegen kezde buryshy kórsetiledi:
- ılem dáldigi
- sórelerdiń ólshemderi;
- sóreniń qalyńdyǵy;
- qandaı MEMST boıynsha buryshy jasaldy;
- qandaı tańbaly bolattan ol jasaldy jáne qandaı MEMST-bul bolat dánekerlengen;
- ılem toby (1-den 7-ge deıin);
- bet sapasynyń toby (1YI –den 3 YI deıin);
- dn – dánekerleý kepildigimen
bolat buryshty belgileý mysaly
A - 80h80h5 MEMST 8509-93
St3ps 4 - 2GP –dn MEMST 535-2005
MEMST 8509-93 boıynsha ystyq ılemdelgen teń sóreli buryshqa arnalǵan tolyqqandy sıpattamasyn keltireıik (tómendegi kesteni qarańyz).
Úlgi ólshemi |
Sóre qalyńdyǵy |
Salmaǵy 1 p.m. |
|
L20 |
3 |
0,89 |
|
4 |
1,15 |
|
|
L25 |
3 |
1,12 |
|
4 |
1,46 |
|
|
5 |
1,78 |
|
|
L28 |
3 |
1,27 |
|
L30 |
3 |
1,36 |
|
4 |
1,78 |
|
|
5 |
2,18 |
|
|
L32 |
3 |
1,46 |
|
4 |
1,91 |
|
|
L35 |
3 |
1,6 |
|
4 |
2,1 |
|
|
5 |
2,58 |
|
|
L40 |
3 |
1,85 |
|
4 |
2,42 |
|
|
5 |
2,96 |
|
|
6 |
3,52 |
|
|
L45 |
3 |
2,08 |
|
4 |
2,73 |
|
|
5 |
3,37 |
|
|
6 |
3,99 |
|
|
L50 |
3 |
2,32 |
|
4 |
3,05 |
|
|
5 |
3,77 |
|
|
6 |
4,47 |
|
|
7 |
5,15 |
|
|
8 |
5,82 |
|
|
L56 |
4 |
3,44 |
|
5 |
4,25 |
|
|
L60 |
4 |
3,71 |
|
5 |
4,58 |
|
|
6 |
5,43 |
|
|
8 |
7,1 |
|
|
10 |
8,7 |
|
|
L63 |
4 |
3,9 |
|
5 |
4,81 |
|
|
6 |
5,72 |
|
|
L65 |
6 |
5,91 |
|
8 |
7,73 |
|
|
L70 |
4 |
4,87 |
|
5 |
5,38 |
|
|
6 |
6,39 |
|
|
7 |
7,39 |
|
|
8 |
8,37 |
|
|
10 |
10,29 |
|
|
L75 |
5 |
5,8 |
|
6 |
6,89 |
|
|
7 |
7,96 |
|
|
8 |
9,02 |
|
|
9 |
10,07 |
|
|
L80 |
5 |
6,78 |
|
6 |
7,36 |
|
|
7 |
8,51 |
|
|
8 |
9,65 |
|
|
10 |
11,88 |
|
|
12 |
14,05 |
|
|
L90 |
6 |
8,33 |
|
7 |
9,64 |
|
|
8 |
10,93 |
|
|
9 |
12,2 |
|
|
10 |
13,48 |
|
|
12 |
15,96 |
|
|
L100 |
6,5 |
10,06 |
|
7 |
10,79 |
|
|
8 |
12,25 |
|
|
10 |
15,1 |
|
|
12 |
17,9 |
|
|
14 |
10,63 |
|
|
15 |
21,97 |
|
|
16 |
23,3 |
|
|
L110 |
7 |
11,89 |
|
8 |
13,5 |
|
|
L120 |
8 |
14,76 |
|
10 |
18,24 |
|
|
12 |
21,67 |
|
|
15 |
26,68 |
|
|
L125 |
8 |
15,46 |
|
9 |
17,3 |
|
|
10 |
19,1 |
|
|
12 |
22,68 |
|
|
14 |
26,2 |
|
|
16 |
19,65 |
|
|
L140 |
9 |
19,41 |
|
10 |
21,45 |
|
|
12 |
25,5 |
|
|
L150 |
10 |
23,02 |
|
12 |
27,39 |
|
|
15 |
33,82 |
|
|
18 |
40,11 |
|
|
L160 |
10 |
24,67 |
|
11 |
27,02 |
|
|
12 |
28,35 |
|
|
14 |
33,97 |
|
|
16 |
38,52 |
|
|
18 |
543,01 |
|
|
20 |
47,44 |
|
|
L180 |
11 |
30,47 |
|
12 |
33,12 |
|
|
15 |
40,96 |
|
|
18 |
48,66 |
|
|
20 |
53,72 |
|
|
L200 |
12 |
36,97 |
|
13 |
39,92 |
|
|
14 |
42,8 |
|
|
16 |
48,65 |
|
|
18 |
54,4 |
|
|
20 |
60,08 |
|
|
24 |
71,26 |
|
|
25 |
74,02 |
|
|
30 |
87,56 |
|
|
L220 |
14 |
47,40 |
|
16 |
53,83 |
|
|
L250 |
16 |
51,55 |
|
18 |
58,86 |
|
|
20 |
76,11 |
|
|
22 |
83,31 |
|
|
25 |
93,97 |
|
|
28 |
104,5 |
|
|
30 |
111,44 |
|
|
35 |
128,51 |
